Perceived Legitimacy of International Law Among Grassroots Civil Society Actors

Abstract

This study explores the perceived legitimacy of international law among grassroots civil society actors in Tabriz, Iran, focusing specifically on international human rights law and its relevance, authority, and effectiveness at the local level. A qualitative research design was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews to gather data from 19 grassroots civil society actors, including activists, NGO staff, and community leaders in Tabriz. Participants were purposively selected based on their direct engagement with social justice, advocacy, and human rights work. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data, with Nvivo software facilitating the coding process. Theoretical saturation was reached, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of participants' perspectives. The study found that while international law, particularly human rights law, is recognized for its importance, its perceived legitimacy among grassroots actors is often questioned due to issues of enforceability and cultural incompatibility. Participants expressed skepticism about the authority of international law, noting that it is often seen as a foreign imposition that clashes with local traditions and values. However, many also acknowledged the empowering role of international law, particularly in promoting human rights and providing a framework for advocacy against governmental oppression. Despite challenges, grassroots actors play a critical role in translating international legal norms into local practice. The perceived legitimacy of international law among grassroots civil society actors is influenced by various factors, including the applicability of international norms to local contexts and the lack of enforcement mechanisms. For international law to be more effective at the grassroots level, it is essential to foster greater collaboration between international institutions and local civil society organizations and ensure that international norms are tailored to local realities.